Oil immersion type microscope objective

ABSTRACT

A seven member apochromatic microscope objective having a numerical aperture of substantially 1.30 and a magnification of substantially 100X.

United St:

Shoemaker July 17, 1973 OIL IMMERSION TYPE MICROSCOPE [56] References Cited OBJECTIVE UNITEDSTATES PATENTS [75] Inventor: Arthur M. Shoemaker, East Aurora, 3,507,554 4/1970 Benford J5U/l77 3,525,562 8/1970 Klein 350/170 x A I O i IC i 3,530,436 9/1970 Bertele et al 3SO/l75 ML {73] Assignee: mer can pt ca orporat on,

southbridge Mass OTHER PUBLICATIONS H. C. Clau'ssen, Microscope Objectives with Plano [221 Correction" Applied Optics, Sept. 1964, vol. 3, No. 9 211 Appl. No.: 28,248 PP- 993-1003 Related Application D Primary Examiner-David Schonberg [63] Continuation of Ser. No. 793,477, Jan. 23, 1969, A i tant Examiner-Paul A, Sacher abandoned,which isaconiinuation-impar!ofSer. No. wi i C Neakm, m wm and 783,078, Dec. 11, 1908. Pat. No. 3,537,772. Robert L Bird 52 us. c1 350/214, 350/175 ML, 3355000137 7, I57] ABSTRACT 51 1111.01. G02b 9/00, G02b 21/00 2 i 1 zf f i gg f' g [58] Field ol Search 350/175 ML, 175 MO, a S Y a magnification of substantially 100x.

7 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure mm M 1 w )0 m 17 R" QR/O 54 m e a 5 RB R7 53 R6 ans 5 I R4 R3 I NVENTOR.

ARTHUR H. SHOEMARER ATTORNEY OIL IMMERSION TYPE MICROSCOPE OBJECTIVE This application is a continuation of my earlier now abandoned application Ser. No. 793,477 filed Jan. 23, 1969 and which in turn is a continuation-in-part of my earlier copending application Ser. No. 783,078 now US. Pat. No. 3537772 filed Dec. II, 1968.

The present invention relates to a microscope objective. More specifically, the invention is of an apochro- DRAWING In the drawing:

A microscope objective according to the present invention is represented by a plurality of lenses viewed transversely to their axes.

DESCRIPTION Referring now to the drawing, a microscope objective is generally shown at 2. It includes a front doublet 4, a single lens 6, and doublets 8, 10, I2, 14 and 16, all

of said lenses being in axial alignment. Objective 2 is disposed relative to an object plane 18 as shown in the drawing. A capillary oil space exists between plane l8 and doublet 4. Positive doublet 4 includes a planoconvex lens I and a concavo-convex lens II. Lens 6 is a concavo-convex positive meniscus shaped lens, also designated as III.

Doublet 8 includes a convex-concavo lens IV and a double convex lens V, together forming a positive double convex doubletfiDoublet 10 includes a doubleconcavo lens VI and a double convex lens VII, together forming a concavo convex doublet. Doublet 12 includes a double convex lens VIII and a double concave lens IX, together forming a negative convex-concavo doublet. Doublet I4 includes a double convex lens X I and a concavo-convex lens XI, together forming a positive double convex doublet. Doublet I6 includes a double concave lens XII and a double convex lens XII-I, together forming a concavo-convex doublet.

The lens parameters are as follows: The successive lens radii are designated R1 R20, where a minus sign indicates radii on centers of curvature lying on the object side of their vertices. The axial thicknesses of successive lens elements are designated Tl T13. The successive axial spaces from the object plane 18 are designated S1 S7. The refractive indices of the glass in successive lens elements are designated NDI N013. The Abbe numbers of the successive lens glasses are designated y I 'y 13.

The above-mentioned parameters are related to the focal length according to the following constructional data:

The foregoing parameters of radius, thickness, and space are in units of millimeters and are based on the value of F. The value of F in this case, as an example is l.8277 mm.- Given in absolute values, the foregoing and for spherical aberrations, coma, astigmatism, and curvature of image field, said objective comprising:

a front plano-convex lens member I; a second concave-convex lens member I];

data is as follows: 5 said front and second members forming a doublet;

F l.8277 Magnification lOOX NA. a third concavo-convex lens member lll;

1.30 a fourth convex-concavo lens member IV;

1 =1.s2r7 Magnification=100 N.A.=1.30

Lens Radius, R Thickness, Space, S Refractive Abbe T index, N1) number,

s1=.a2 R1=Plan0 1 T1=.53 ND1=1.51700 14:64.60

R2=L653 11 T2=2.s44 ND2=L80264 v2=46.75

s2=.020 R4=11.688 111 T3=1.950 ND3=L78833 y3=50.47

sa=.3o R6=7.25O 1v T4=1.000 ND4=L64316 v4=47.95

R7=5.277 v T=3.561 ND5=1A3381 v5=94.93 R8=-l3.178

T6=1.000 ND6=1.68049 v6=37.36 R10=5.010

T7=3.675 ND7=L43381 v7=94.93 R11=11.897

s5=.311 R12=57.211 VIII T8=3.031 NDB =1.43381 v8 =94.03

R13=6.356 1 IX T9=l.000 ND9=L68049 9=37.36

S6=.026 R15=14.550 X T1o=3.1so ND10=1.43381 v10=94.93

R16=-7.135 XI T11=2.000 ND11=1.68049 v11=37.36

s7=9.237 R18=8.130 x11 T12=2.088 ND12=1.78833 12=50.47

R19=6.2l0 XIII '113=1.955 ND13=1.78446 v13=25.75

A novel feature of this Apochromatic Objective is a fifth d bl convex l member V; that components 4, 6 and 8 are identical to the first 40 said f th d fif h members f i a d bl t; three components used in the flat field oil immersion a i th d bl ve l ns member VI; achromatic objective described in my patent applicaa seventh do bl vex lens m mb VII; tion entitled "Oil Immersion Type Microscope Objecsaid sixth and seventh members forming a doublet; tive",'Ser. No. 783,078, filed Dec. 11, 1968 now US. an eighth double convex lens member Vlll; Pat. No. 3,537,772. In essence, this was achieved by a ninth double concave lens member lX; adding two doublet components using calcium fluoride said eighth and ninth members forming a doublet; and short flint to correct the secondary spectrum. a tenth double convex lens member X;

It will be apparent that the foregoing absolute values an eleventh concavo-convex lens member Xl; are variable depending on the value of F. Other forms said tenth and eleventh members forming a doublet; are thus possible and changes may be made in the vala twelfth double concave lens member Xll; ues of the constructional data based on the relationa thirteenth double convex lens member Xlll; ships in the first of the above charts, without departing said twelfth and thirteenth members forming a doufrom the spirit of this invention.

What is claimed is: all of said lens members being axially aligned; and 1. An apochromatic microscope objective having a the parameters of lens radii (RI R20), lens thickmagnification of substantially x and a numerical nesses (Tl -Tl3), axial spaces among lens element aperture of substantially 1.30 for forming an image of and object plane (S1 S7), refractive lndices (N D] an object plane, said image being well corrected for NDl3), and Abbe numbers ('y l y l3), being dechromatic aberrations over the entire visible spectrum termmed by the following relationship:

Lens ltudlus, lt 'lhlcknoss, 'l SDUCU, S ltulmctlvu Abbe lmlox, NI) uumlmr, u

s1=.ms11- Rl==Plu|m I '11=.290F Nl)l-=l.l5l700 vl=434,50

R2=-.u0411- 11 4. T2=1.s10s1 N1 2=1.s02e4 yz=4ma R3=L4268F s2=mous R4 =-6.304'JF 2. An apochromatic microscope objective having a 25 magnification of substantially lOOX and a numerical aperture of substantially L30 for forming an image of an object plane, said image being well corrected for chromatic aberrations over the entire visible spectrum and for spherical aberrations, coma, astigmatism, and 30 curvautre of image field, said objective comprising:

a front plano-convex lens member I;

a second concave-convex lens member II;

said front and secondmembers forming a doublet;

a third concave-convex lens member Ill; 35

a fourth convex-concave lens member IV;

a fifth double convex lens member V;

said fourth and fifth members forming a doublet;

a sixth double concave lens member V];

a seventh double convex lens member VII; 40

said sixth and seventh members forming a doublet;

' all of said lens members being axially aligned; and

the parameters of lens radii (R1 R20), lens thicknesses (Tl T13), axial spaces among lens element and object plane (S1 S7), refractive indices (ND! ND13), and Abbe numbers 1 13), being determined by the following relationship:

Lens Radius,R Thickness, Spsce,S Refractive Abb T index, ND number, v

s1=.a2 R1=Plano T1=-.sa Nl)l=l .5l700 -1=u4.s0 R2-l.653

T2=2.944 Nu2=-1.s02s4 2=4o.7s R3=-2.606 R s2=.020

& 11.688 11! S TB-LDISO ND3=L78833 Ids-50.41 Rs--0.m7 RB 1250 88:30) IV T4=-1.oo0 ND4=LM316 w4=47.96

R7=5.277 v Tb=8.b61 Ni s=1.msi -s=uw3 Rs=-1s.17s I m 735182 8km vr Tti-LOOO NDO==L58040 v6=37.36

R10 5.010 v11 Tr-sm ND7=1A3381 whims Rll -ILSW R 2 72 swan 1 =6 it vI!I.. T8-3.031 ND8=M3881 v8=94.93

l3 -o.am IX.. R Til-1.000 ND9=L68049 -9=31a0 nit-40.000

so=.o20 x mfi-u'm 'rm=a.1s0 Nl)l0=l.-l338l m gma nus-4.13s x1 Tit-2.0m N| n=1.oso4u hams Itl7-=l).402

s1=st2a1 lus--s.iso x11 'll2=2.088 Nl)l2==l.78833 v12=s0.47

u- .120 X111 m 0 '11s=1.uss Nl)l3=l.78440 -1a=-2&.7s

mo -saws 3. A standardized component of an achromaticapochromatic microscope objective including:

a front piano-convex lens member I;

a second concavo-convex lens member ll;

5. A microscope objective having a five-member standardized component useful in both apochromatic and achromatic objectives, said standardized component consisting of:

'said front and second members forming a doublet; a front piano-convex lens element; a third concavo-convex lens member ill; a second concavo-convex lens element; a fourth convex-concavo lens member W; said front and second element forming a doublet; a fifth double convex lens member V; a third concavo-convex lens element; said fourth and fifth members forming a doublet; a fourth convex-concave lens element; all of said lens members being axially aligned; a fifth double convex lens element; the parameters of lens radii (R), lens thicknesses (T), said fourth and fifth elements forming a doublet;

axial spaces among lens elements and object plane all of said lens elements being axially aligned. refl'actlve lndlces and Abbe numbers 6.Amicroscope objective includingacomponent debeing detennined by the following relationfined in claim 5 and further including: ship: a sixth double-concave lens element;

Lens Radius, R Thickness, '1 Space, S Refractive Abbe index, ND number, v

S1=.1751F R1=Plano T1=.290F ND1=1.1700 1=e4.50 R2=.9047F T2=1.6108F ND2=L80264 2=4e.7s R3=1.4258F s2=.o109F R4=-6.3949F 111 T3=1.0669F ND3=L78833 s=5o.47

S3=.l641F R6=3.9667F 1v T4=.5471F ND4=L64316 4=47.95

TB=L9484F ND5=L43381 5=94.93 R8=7.2102F 4. A microscope objective as defined in claim 3 and a seventh double convex lens element; further including: said sixth and seventh elements forming a doublet;

a sixth double concave lens member Vll; an eighth double convex lens element; a seventh double convex lens member Vii; a ninth double concave lens element; I said sixth and seventh members forming a doublet; said eighth and ninth elements forming a doublet; an eighth double convex lens member VIII; said microscope objective being achromatic in chara ninth doub e conc lens member acter and being well corrected for spherical and said eighth a d nin mcmbem forming a doublet; chromatic aberrations, coma, astigmatism, and a tenth double convex lens member X; curvature of image field. an eleventh COnCa O-COIIW fl membfl 7. A microscope objective including the component said tenth and eleventh members forming a doublet; d fi d in claim 5 and f th r i di a twelfth double concave lens member X11; a i h doubleoncave l l m; a thirteenth double convex lens member Xlll', a Seventh double convex lens demem; said twelfth and thlnecmh members 8 a said sixth and seventh elements fonning a doublet;

blei; an eighth double convex lens element; the parameters bemg determined by the following rea ninth double concavc lens element;

latlonshlpi said eighth and ninth elements forming a doublet;

Lens Radius, R Thickness,'1 Spece,S Refractive Abbe index, ND number, w

s4=.0170F R0=-402.2110F v1- T6=J5471F N1 e=1.eeo40 e=s7.as

R10=2.7412F v11 T7=2.0IO7F ND7=L43381 1=u4.us

R1i=6.b093F S6=.1702F R12=8L3022F V111... T8=LG484F Nl 8=M3381 s=u4.ua

R13=3.4776F 1x Tu=.s47iF N1 0=1.os040 u=a7.30

Ri4=25.663UF S6=.0142F R1l5=7.9608F x T10=L7399F ND10=L43381 v10=.H.U3

R1e=-3.0oasF XI T11=L0948F ND11==L68049 v11=37.36

Ri7=6.1934F R F s'r-snewF 1s=-4.44s2 x11 T12=1.1424F ND12=1Jssaa 12=s0.41

R1 977F XIII 9 3 3 T13=L0696F ND13=1.78446 v13=26.75

9 10 a tenth double convex lens element; said microscope objective being apochromatic in an eleventh concave-convex lens element; character and being well corrected for chromatic said tenth and eleventh elements forming a doublet; aberrations over the entire visible spectrum and for a twelfth double concave lens element; spherical aberrations, coma, astigmatism, and eura thirteenth double convex lens element; 5 vature of image field. said twelfth and thirteenth elements forming a dou- I? t t 

1. An apochromatic microscope objective having a magnification of substantially 100X and a numerical aperture of substantially 1.30 for forming an image of an object plane, said image being well corrected for chromatic aberrations over the entire visible spectrum and for spherical aberrations, coma, astigmatism, and curvature of image field, said objective comprising: a front plano-convex lens member I; a second concavo-convex lens member II; said front and second members forming a doublet; a third concavo-convex lens member III; a fourth convex-concavo lens member IV; a fifth double convex lens member V; said fourth and fifth members forming a doublet; a sixth double concave lens member VI; a seventh double convex lens member VII; said sixth and seventh members forming a doublet; an eighth double convex lens member VIII; a ninth double concave lens member IX; said eighth and ninth members forming a doublet; a tenth double convex lens member X; an eleventh concavo-convex lens member XI; said tenth and eleventh members forming a doublet; a twelfth double concave lens member XII; a thirteenth double convex lens member XIII; said twelfth and thirteenth members forming a doublet; all of said lens members being axially aligned; and the parameters of lens radii (R1 - R20), lens thicknesses (T1 T13), axial spaces among lens element and object plane (S1 S7), refractive indices (ND1 - ND13), and Abbe numbers ( gamma 1 - gamma 13), being determined by the following relationship:
 2. An apochromatic microscope objective having a magnification of substantially 100X and a numerical aperture of substantially 1.30 for forming an image of an object plane, said image being well corrected for chromatic aberrations over the entire visible spectrum and for spherical aberrations, coma, astigmatism, and curvautre of image field, said objective comprising: a front plano-convex lens member I; a second concavo-convex lens member II; said front and second members forming a doublet; a third concavo-convex lens member III; a fourth convex-concavo lens member IV; a fifth double convex lens member V; said fourth and fifth members forming a doublet; a sixth double concave lens member VI; a seventh double convex lens member VII; said sixth and seventh members forming a doublet; an eighth double convex lens member VIII; a ninth double concave lens member IX; said eighth and ninth members forming a doublet; a tenth double convex lens member X; an eleventh concavo-convex lens member XI; said tenth and eleventh members forming a doublet; a twelfth double concave lens member XII; a thirteenth double convex lens member XIII; said twelfth and thirteenth members forming a doublet; all of said lens members being axially aligned; and the parameters of lens radii (R1 - R20), lens thicknesses (T1 -T13), axial spaces among lens element and object plane (S1 -S7), refractive indices (ND1 - ND13), and Abbe numbers ( gamma 1 - gamma 13), being determined by the following relationship:
 3. A standardized component of an achromatic-apochromatic microscope objective including: a front plano-convex lens member I; a second concavo-convex lens member II; said front and second members forming a doublet; a third concavo-convex lens member III; a fourth convex-concavo lens member IV; a fifth double convex lens member V; said fourth and fifth members forming a doublet; all of said lens members being axially aligned; the parameters of lens radii (R), lens thicknesses (T), axial spaces among lens elements and object plane (S), refractive indices (ND), and Abbe numbers ( gamma ), being determined by the following relationship:
 4. A microscope objective as defined in claim 3 and further including: a sixth double concave lens member VI; a seventh double convex lens member VII; said sixth and seventh members forming a doublet; an eighth double convex lens member VIII; a ninth double concave lens member IX; said eighth and ninth members forming a doublet; a tenth double convex lens member X; an eleventh concavo-convex lens member XI; said tenth and eleventh members forming a doublet; a twelfth double concave lens member XII; a thirteenth double convex lens member XIII; said twelfth and thirteenth members forming a doublet; the parameters being determined by the following relationship:
 5. A microscope objective having a five-member standardized component useful in both apochromatic and achromatic objectives, said standardized component consisting of: a front plano-convex lens element; a second concavo-convex lens element; said front and second element forming a doublet; a third concavo-convex lens element; a fourth convex-concavo lens element; a fifth double convex lens element; said fourth and fifth elements forming a doublet; all of said lens elements being axially aligned.
 6. A microscope objective including a component defined in claim 5 and further including: a sixth double-concave lens element; a seventh double convex lens element; said sixth and seventh elements forming a doublet; an eighth double convex lens element; a ninth double concave lens element; said eighth and ninth elements forming a doublet; said microscope objective being achromatic in character and being well corrected for spherical and chromatic aberrations, coma, astigmatism, and curvature of image field.
 7. A microscope objective including the component defined in claim 5 and further including: a sixth double-concave lens element; a seventh double convex lens element; said sixth and seventh elements forming a doublet; an eighth double convex lens element; a ninth double concave lens element; said eighth and ninth elements forming a doublet; a tenth double convex lens element; an eleventh concavo-convex lens element; said tenth and eleventh elements forming a doublet; a twelfth double concave lens element; a thirteenth double convex lens element; said twelfth and thirteenth elements forming a doublet; said microscope objective being apochromatic in character and being well corrected for chromatic aberrations over the entire visible spectrum and for spherical aberrations, coma, astigmatism, and curvature of image field. 